The way we shop has evolved dramatically over time, especially in recent years. We’ve embraced the convenience of online shopping and rediscovered the charm of local stores. But let’s take a trip down memory lane and explore the golden age of department stores in London. This gallery will unveil the origins of these grand emporiums and showcase their captivating history.
The Dawn of Department Stores
The first department store in London emerged in 1796, thanks to Howell, Harding Co. They opened their doors at No. 89 Pall Mall, offering an array of goods categorized into distinct sections. These included furs and fans, fabrics for dresses, haberdashery, jewelry and clocks, and perfume and millinery. The department store model rapidly gained popularity throughout London and other major cities during the late 19th century. These spaces became more than just places to shop; they were seen as social and cultural hubs where women were encouraged to gather and explore.
Early Emporiums: From Groceries to Fashion
Fortnum and Mason, now synonymous with luxury, had humble beginnings as a grocery store on Piccadilly in 1707. Debenhams, another household name, started in 1778 as a draper’s shop on Wigmore Street. William Clark ran the business initially, with William Debenham joining as a partner in 1813. The iconic Debenhams flagship store on Oxford Street came later, following a partnership between Debenham and Freebody. Built in 1908 by Trollope & Colls, it became a landmark destination for shoppers.
Harrods: A Palace of Luxury
One of the most renowned department stores in the world, Harrods, stands proudly in Knightsbridge. Founded in 1849, it holds the title of Europe’s largest department store. Stepping inside is like entering a realm of opulence, and this gallery offers a glimpse into its luxurious interiors. You’ll even catch a glimpse of Harrods’ delivery drivers zipping through the city on motorbike vans, a snapshot from the 1920s.
From Drapery to Department Store: Whiteley’s Journey
Whiteley’s of Bayswater began its journey as a draper’s shop on Westbourne Grove in 1863. By 1867, it had expanded into 17 different departments, a testament to its growing popularity. A devastating fire in 1887 forced the store to relocate to Bayswater, where it continued to thrive.
The Influence of Theater and the Rise of Shopping for Pleasure
The rise of department stores in London’s West End was heavily influenced by the presence of theaters. In the mid-19th century, people flocked to the area, and department stores catered to these audiences. Spectacular window displays showcasing the latest products, illuminated by electricity, became a highlight of the shopping experience, especially after theater performances. In 1909, Selfridges opened its doors on Oxford Street, transforming shopping into an experience focused on pleasure rather than just necessity.
The Rise and Fall of Department Store Titans
Many iconic names synonymous with department stores, such as Debenhams, Littlewoods, C&A, and British Home Stores, have faded into history or merged with online entities.
Enduring Heritage: Liberty & Co. and John Lewis
While some giants have fallen, others remain strong. Liberty & Co. on Great Marlborough Street and John Lewis on Oxford Street continue to draw shoppers. However, even these iconic brands are likely to adapt and adjust as the shopping landscape continues to evolve.
Forgotten Treasures: Unveiling Lesser-Known Stores
Beyond the well-known names, the gallery reveals lesser-known stores like Barker’s of Kensington, founded in 1870. After its closure, the building became home to Derry & Toms and later housed the iconic fashion boutique Biba. Other department stores that have disappeared include Arding & Hobbs, Bourne & Hollingsworth, and Swan & Edgar.
A Glimpse into a Bygone Era
This gallery offers a nostalgic journey through the captivating history of London’s department stores. It showcases their evolution, their influence on society, and their lasting impact on the city’s landscape. As we navigate the ever-changing world of retail, it’s important to remember and appreciate the heritage of these grand emporiums that once defined London’s shopping experience.
